Iodine is an essential mineral necessary for the production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones are important hormones which help regulate growth and metabolism and are essential for the development of a baby’s brain during pregnancy and early life. Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of mental impairment world-wide and even mild Iodine deficiency has been linked to learning problems. If a woman is deficient in Iodine during pregnancy, her baby’s brain may not develop normally leading to lower IQ and learning problems.
Recent research in the UK has shown mild Iodine deficiency in schoolgirls and pregnant women. Ireland is considered a country at risk of Iodine deficiency by the World Health Organisation and it is likely that Irish women may also be Iodine-deficient, especially in pregnancy, when Iodine requirements are higher. Our Iodine levels are determined by our how much Iodine-containing foods we eat. Concern has been expressed about the low intake of milk, dairy products, fish and shellfish (rich sources of Iodine) in young Irish women. Some, but not all, pregnancy supplements contain Iodine.
The Iodine status of Irish women in pregnancy is currently unknown. This study will examine the Iodine status of women in early pregnancy attending a busy maternity hospital in the South of Ireland. Urine Iodine levels will be checked and Iodine intake will be calculated using a special food questionnaire (Iodine-rich foods). If Iodine levels are found to be low, urgent measures are necessary to address the problem.
